Can Dogs Live Longer on a Plant-Based Diet? Exploring the Research

When it comes to our fur babies, their health and longevity are top priorities. Recently, research has suggested that dogs fed a plant-based diet may live longer and experience fewer health issues compared to those on traditional meat-based diets. While this idea might sound unconventional, the science behind it is compelling and worth exploring.

The Science Behind Plant-Based Diets for Dogs

A groundbreaking study conducted by researchers at the University of Guelph analyzed data from over 1,400 dog owners across North America. The findings revealed that dogs on plant-based diets had a mean lifespan of 14.1 years, compared to 12.6 years for dogs consuming meat-based diets—a difference of approximately 18 months¹. This study also highlighted fewer incidences of specific health disorders among plant-fed dogs, including gastrointestinal, renal, and neurological issues¹.

It's worth noting this research relies on owner-reported data rather than controlled clinical trials, which means we should interpret these findings with appropriate caution.

Another study led by Professor Andrew Knight at the University of Winchester reinforced these findings. Dogs fed vegan diets had the lowest prevalence of health disorders—36%, compared to 43% for raw meat diets and 49% for conventional meat diets². These results were consistent across multiple health indicators, including veterinary visits and medication use².

Why Do Plant-Based Diets Work?

Dogs are omnivores, meaning they can thrive on both plant and animal-based foods as long as their nutritional needs are met. Modern plant-based dog foods are carefully formulated to provide all essential nutrients, including protein, vitamins, and minerals. Key nutrients like vitamin B12 and taurine—typically found in animal products—are supplemented in vegan dog food to ensure balanced nutrition³.

Studies have shown additional benefits of plant-based diets, such as improved gut health, better blood analysis results, and reduced inflammation markers³. Furthermore, transitioning overweight dogs to a vegan diet has been linked to weight loss, increased energy levels, and improved mobility⁴.

Real-Life Example

One notable example is Bramble, a Collie who lived an astonishing 25 years on a vegan diet—nearly double the average life expectancy for the breed⁴. Bramble’s siblings also lived beyond 19 years, showcasing the potential longevity benefits of plant-based feeding⁴.

Addressing Concerns

Critics often question whether plant-based diets can truly meet a dog’s nutritional needs. However, extensive research has confirmed that properly formulated vegan diets adhering to regulatory standards (e.g., AAFCO guidelines) can provide complete nutrition for dogs at all life stages¹. Controlled experiments have even demonstrated that active dogs like sled racers maintain excellent health on meat-free diets².

The Environmental Impact

Beyond health benefits, plant-based diets contribute positively to environmental sustainability. Pet food accounts for a significant portion of global livestock consumption—up to 20% in countries like the U.S.—making vegan options an eco-friendly choice².

Should You Switch Your Dog to a Plant-Based Diet?

While the evidence supporting plant-based diets is promising, every dog is unique. Root & Tail Pet Nutrition is committed to providing science-based nutrition information for you to make the best decisions for you and your dogs. We work with one of Canada's few board-certified vet nutritionists with a Ph.D. in Veterinary Nutrition to formulate our recipes to exceed the highest standards set by AAFCO. If you decide to transition your dog to a vegan diet and have questions, email us at info@rootandtailpet.ca.

The idea that dogs can live longer and healthier lives on a plant-based diet challenges traditional norms but is backed by growing scientific evidence. Whether motivated by health benefits or environmental considerations, switching your dog’s diet could be a step toward improved well-being for your pet—and the planet.

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References

1. Dodd, S. A. S., Dewey, C., Shoveller, A. K., Fascetti, A. J., Yu, Z. Z., Ma, D. W. L., & Verbrugghe, A. (2022). Owner-reported health and longevity of North American dogs fed meat- and plant-based diets. *Research in Veterinary Science*, *146*, 1–10.

2. Knight, A., Huang, R., Rai, N., & Singh, S. (2022). Vegan diets may be the healthiest to feed pet dogs: Survey of dog guardians on health outcomes associated with different diets. *Animals*, *12*(5), 1–15.

3. Knight A., Brown H., & Bauer A. (2024). Dogs can be healthier on a vegan diet than meat-based alternatives: Large-scale analysis of canine health outcomes on different diets. *PLOS ONE*, *29*(3), 1–10.

4. Vegan Dog Food UK (2023). Prof Andrew Knight’s studies continue: Benefits of plant-based diets for pets [Online]. Retrieved from https://vegan-dogfood.co.uk